Animal Metacognition: Problems and Prospects

Problems and Prospects of Introducing Islamic Microfinance in Azerbaijan Republic

The highs and lows of theoretical interpretation in animal-metacognition research.

Humans feel uncertain. They know when they do not know. These feelings and the responses to them ground the research literature on metacognition. It is a natural question whether animals share this cognitive capacity, and thus animal metacognition has become an influential research area within comparative psychology. Researchers have explored this question by testing many species using percepti...

Metacognition, affect regulation and symptom expression: a transdiagnostic perspective.

The editors of this special section commissioned this commentary to bring together some of the conceptual, empirical and measurement issues arising from this series of articles. This commentary explores metacognition in relation to its neurobiology, and diverse syndromes and clinical phenotypes, including schizophrenia, alexithymia, and personality disorders, as well as its relation to assessme...

Metacognition in Animals Metacognition in animals

Metacognition is thinking about thinking. There is considerable interest in developing animal models of metacognition to provide insight about the evolution of mind and a basis for investigating neurobiological mechanisms of cognitive impairments in people. Formal modeling of low-level (i.e., alternative) mechanisms has recently demonstrated that prevailing standards for documenting metacogniti...

Animal metacognition: a tale of two comparative psychologies.

A growing literature considers whether animals have capacities that are akin to human metacognition (i.e., humans' capacity to monitor their states of uncertainty and knowing). Comparative psychologists have approached this question by testing a dolphin, pigeons, rats, monkeys, and apes using perception, memory, and food-concealment paradigms. As part of this consideration, some associative mod...

Internet Banking Law: An Iranian Perspective Problems and Prospects of Introducing Islamic Microfinance in Azerbaijan Republic

Bank supervision and monetary policy are strategic concepts in the economy of countries. Development of electronic communications, especially in online and international spheres, has largely threatened financial services in view of security and illegal access to banking networks. Anonymity and identity theft has endangered electronic commerce by crimes like phishing, fraud and different types...